Dentistry

Microbiology1

Microbiologia

Course code:9548204

Nuno Eduardo Moura dos Santos da Costa Taveira

Learning outcomes of the curricular unit:
  • Provide theoretical and practical information about the anatomical, genetic, and structural characteristics of bacteria, viruses and fungi.
  • Review mechanisms of action of antibiotics and mechanisms of bacterial resistance.
  • Present the constituents of the human oral microbiome and their impact on health and disease of the oral cavity.
  • Introduce the general principles of epidemiology, pathogenesis, treatment, control and prevention of microbial diseases of the oral cavity.

At the end of this course unit the student should be able to characterize bacteria, viruses and fungi in the oral cavity in their different dimensions, including the diseases they cause, epidemiology, pathogenesis, treatment and prevention. The student must also know the methods of sampling of the oral mucosa for microbial analysis and using phenotypic and molecular methods (PCR, sequencing) to isolate, identify and quantify microorganisms, distinguishing those that are pathogenic from those that are not.

Syllabus:
Theoretical:
  1. History of Microbiology.
  2. Functional anatomy of the bacterial cell.
  3. Nutrition of microorganisms.
  4. Impact of environmental factors on microbial growth.
  5. Microbial metabolism.
  6. Bacterial genetics and bacterial evolution.
  7. Mechanisms of action of antibiotics and bacterial resistance.
  8. The oral ecosystem and the oral microbiome.
  9. Origin, determinants and evolution of the dental plaque.
  10. Epidemiology, pathogenesis, treatment, prevention and control of bacterial, viral and fungal diseases of the oral cavity.
Practical:
 
Microscopic examination of bacteria and fungi with and without staining.
Culture and isolation of bacteria.
Identification of Pseudomonadaceae, Enterobacteriaceae and Staphylococcus spp. with metabolic and biochemical tests.
Execution, reading and interpretation of an antibiogram.
Isolation and identification of bacteria and fungi in the oral cavity namely in the gingival sulcus and periodontal pocket.
Identification of periodontopathogenic microrganisms by PCR and gel electrophoresis.
 
Suggested Bibliography:
  • Lamont RJ, Hajishengallis GN, Jenkinson HF (2014) Oral Microbiology and Immunology. 2nd ed., ASM Press. ISBN: 978-1-55581-673-5.
  • Barroso H, Silvestre AM, Taveira N (Ed.) (2014) Microbiologia Médica, Vol. 1. LIDEL Edições técnicas, Lisboa. ISBN: 978-989-752-057-0.
  • Barroso H, Silvestre AM, Taveira N (Ed.) (2014) Microbiologia Médica, Vol. 2. LIDEL Edições técnicas, Lisboa. ISBN: 978-972-757-576-3.
  • Larone DH (2011) Medically important fungi. A guide to identification. 5th ed., ASM Press. ISBN-13: 9781555816605.