Microbiology

Microbiologia

Curse code:9548204

Nuno Eduardo Moura dos Santos da Costa Taveira

Learning outcomes of the curricular unit:

• To provide theoretical and practical information about the anatomical, genetic, and structural characteristics of bacteria, viruses and fungi;;
• Review the mechanisms of action of antibiotics and bacterial resistance;
• Introduce the human oral microbiome and its impact on health and disease of the oral cavity;
• Understand the epidemiology, pathogenesis, treatment, control and prevention of microbial diseases of the oral cavity.

At the end of this CU the student should be able to characterize the bacteria, viruses and fungi in the oral cavity in their different dimensions, including the diseases they cause and their epidemiology, pathogenesis, treatment and prevention. The student must also know the methods of sampling of the oral mucosa for microbial analysis and using phenotypic and molecular methods (PCR, sequencing) to isolate, identify and quantify microorganisms. Finally, the student should know how to perform and interpret bacterial antibiotic susceptibility testing.

Syllabus:

1. History of Microbiology.
2. Functional anatomy of the bacterial cell.
3. Nutrition of microorganisms.
4. Impact of environmental factors on microbial growth.
5. Microbial metabolism and genetics.
6. Mechanisms of action of antibiotics and bacterial resistance.
7. The oral ecosystem and the oral microbiome.
8. Origin, determinants and evolution of the dental plaque.
9. Epidemiology, pathogenesis, treatment, prevention and control of bacterial, viral and fungic diseases of the oral cavity.

Fresh exam and after staining of bacteria. Culture and isolation of bacteria. Identification of Pseudomonadaceae, Enterobacteriaceae and Staphylococcus spp. with metabolic and biochemical tests. Execution, reading and interpretation of an antibiogram. Culture and identification of fungi in the oral cavity. Isolation and identification of bacteria present in samples from the gingival sulcus and periodontal pocket. Identification of periodontopathogenic microrganisms by PCR and gel electrophoresis..

Suggested Bibliography:

• Lamont RJ, Hajishengallis GN, Jenkinson HF (2014) Oral Microbiology and Immunology. 2nd ed., ASM Press. ISBN; 978-1-55581-673-5..
• Barroso H., Meliço Silvestre A. e Taveira N. (Editores). (2014). Microbiologia Médica, Vol. 1, LIDEL Edições técnicas, Lisboa. ISBN: 978-989-752-057-0.
• Barroso H., Meliço Silvestre A. e Taveira N. (Editores). (2014). Microbiologia Médica, Vol. 2, LIDEL Edições técnicas, Lisboa. ISBN: 978-972-757-576-3.
• Larone DH (2011). Medically important fungi. A guide to identification. 5th edition. ASM Press. ISBN-13: 9781555816605.
• Schaechter M (Editor-in-chief) (2009). The Desk Encyclopedia of Microbiology, 2nd ed., Elsevier. ISBN: 0080961282.